When people have AML, blasts make copies of themselves quickly. This slows the production of red blood cells and platelets, causing tiredness from anemia and a risk of bleeding from a low platelet count.
There is also an increased risk of infection, since infection-fighting white blood cells are not maturing and cannot fight off infection.
AML is also known as acute myelogenous leukemia , acute myeloblastic leukemia and acute nonlymphocytic leukemia. Relation to bone marrow failure diseases:. AML can occur at any age but is most common in older people. For most people with AML, there is no easily identifiable cause. There are, however, a few known risk factors that can increase the chances of getting AML.
They include:. The signs and symptoms of AML are mainly the result of low blood cell counts. The severity of anemia, which may be worsened by an impaired cardiopulmonary function, may profoundly compromise the patients' quality of life and, indirectly, the outcome of cancer bearing patients. A clear dose-dependent response to EPO has been reported by different Authors and it has been suggested that 5, IU should be considered as an appropriate initial dose for the majority of patients.
This may lead to iron-deficiency anemia. They may also order a bone marrow biopsy. During this procedure, a small sample of bone marrow is removed from a large bone, such as your hipbone.
The sample is examined to confirm an anemia diagnosis. Learn more: 7 important symptoms of leukemia in children ». If chemotherapy is causing your anemia, your doctor may prescribe injectable drugs, such as Epogen or Aranesp. These drugs tell your bone marrow to produce more red blood cells.
They also have the potential to cause serious side effects, such as blood clots or increased risk of death. As a result, you should use the lowest dose possible for only as long as it takes to regulate your red blood cell levels. If anemia occurs due to blood loss, your doctor will need to determine the cause and treat it. Because blood loss often occurs in the gastrointestinal tract, your doctor may recommend a colonoscopy and an endoscopy to view your stomach and intestines.
A blood transfusion is sometimes necessary to treat acute anemia. A transfusion alone may not be enough to control anemia in the long term. According to Johns Hopkins Medicine , physician-scientists have discovered a chemotherapy drug called cyclophosphamide that helps treat aplastic anemia without harming blood and bone marrow-forming stem cells.
Other treatments for aplastic anemia include blood transfusions, drug therapies, and bone marrow transplants. If you think you have anemia, you should consult your doctor. With treatment, anemia is manageable or curable. If you have anemia, you can expect to have symptoms such as fatigue and weakness until your blood cell counts improve. The symptoms often improve rapidly once treatment starts.
In the meantime, doing the following can help you cope:. Anemia can be temporary or long term and can range from mild to severe. In most cases, anemia has more than one cause. See your doctor if you suspect that you have anemia.
It can be a warning sign of serious illness. Treatments for anemia, which depend on the cause, range from taking supplements to having medical procedures. You might be able to prevent some types of anemia by eating a healthy, varied diet. Anemia signs and symptoms vary depending on the cause and severity of anemia.
Depending on the causes of your anemia, you might have no symptoms. Fatigue has many causes besides anemia, so don't assume that if you're tired you must be anemic.
Some people learn that their hemoglobin is low, which indicates anemia, when they donate blood. If you're told that you can't donate because of low hemoglobin, make an appointment with your doctor.
Anemia can be due to a condition present at birth congenital or to a condition you develop acquired. Anemia occurs when your blood doesn't have enough red blood cells. Your body makes three types of blood cells — white blood cells to fight infection, platelets to help your blood clot, and red blood cells to carry oxygen from your lungs to the rest of your body and carbon dioxide from the body back to the lungs. Red blood cells contain hemoglobin — an iron-rich protein that gives blood its red color.
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